تمت ترجمة هذا النص بواسطة الذكاء الاصطناعي وقد يحتوي على أخطاء.
تخطي إلى المحتوى

أفغانستان وباكستان

The Mecca Joint Défense Agreement: A New Geometry of Middle Eastern Power?
  • التحليل
  • The Mecca Joint Défense Agreement: A New Geometry of Middle Eastern Power?

    On August 7, 2026, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan signed the Mecca Joint Défense Agreement, a collective-defense pact widely compared to NATO’s Article 5. This essay argues that the comparison is misleading. Mecca borrows NATO’s language of solidarity without yet possessing NATO’s institutional machinery, and the Houthi offensive against Saudi Arabia in September 2026 provided an early and revealing test of what the agreement actually means in practice. Neither Pakistan nor Turkey automatically entered the fight on Saudi Arabia’s behalf, and Washington, despite an initial reluctance to strike directly, remained indispensable through intelligence support and a major proposed F-35 sale. Drawing on realist alliance theory — Hans Morgenthau, Kenneth Waltz, Stephen Walt, Glenn Snyder, and Steven David — and on the precedent of the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), the essay contends that the Middle East is not dividing into rival blocs but moving from hierarchy toward a looser, overlapping geometry of hedged partnerships, in which American exclusivity is eroding considerably faster than American primacy.

    The Mecca Alliance Meets the Red Sea – Saudi Arabia’s New Defense Pact Faces Its First Major Test
  • تعليق
  • The Mecca Alliance Meets the Red Sea – Saudi Arabia’s New Defense Pact Faces Its First Major Test

    When Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan agreed to a mutual defense pact in August, it was principally seen as a political commitment. The “Mecca alliance,” as it was dubbed, stipulated that an armed attack on one would be treated as an attack on all three, accompanied by deeper military cooperation.

    The Case for a Middle Course in Afghanistan
  • تعليق
  • The Case for a Middle Course in Afghanistan

    I was a teenage Afghan refugee in Pakistan’s tribal areas when the Twin Towers fell. Almost nobody around us understood the politics of what had happened, but we knew that something had changed for good. Afghanistan, which until then had been our private tragedy and our first exile from Taliban rule, had suddenly become the world’s concern, with the United States leading the response.

    الأخبار الأخيرة

    تصفية حسب
    1194 Results
    As the Knesset reconvenes, Israel’s newly elected municipal leaders can help foster change in national politics
    Photo by Amir Levy/Getty Images
  • التحليل
  • As the Knesset reconvenes, Israel’s newly elected municipal leaders can help foster change in national politics

    Following a year of protests and as the war with Hamas and Hezbollah enters its eighth month, the domestic scene in Israel looks poised for a political transition. Pro-democracy mayors and city councils across the country have grown increasingly influential when it comes to safeguarding and advancing liberal values. They are now better positioned and more motivated to make an impact on Israeli national politics, particularly as early elections look ever more likely.

    16 مايو 2024

    “Gwadar is the future”: China and Pakistan’s troubled strategic port on the Arabian Sea
    الصورة من قبل AAMIR QURESHI/AFP عبر Getty Images
  • التحليل
  • “Gwadar is the future”: China and Pakistan’s troubled strategic port on the Arabian Sea

    Strategically located at the mouth of the Strait of Hormuz on the Arabian Sea, Gwadar, once a derelict port, was revitalized as part of the broader development of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and declared fully operational in 2021. Can a renewed focus on the Gwadar port and the socio-economic and security situation of the surrounding region help Islamabad and Beijing rescue CPEC from failure?

    Human shields or shielding Israel from accountability?
    Photo by MOHAMMED ABED/AFP via Getty Images
  • التحليل
  • Human shields or shielding Israel from accountability?

    Israeli leaders insist that the extreme destruction in the Gaza Strip is unavoidable given Hamas’ use of “human shields” and the fact that the militant group has embedded itself among the civilian population and routinely operates from civilian structures like hospitals and schools. But far from explaining the current devastation, the questionable “human shields” charge has become a way to shield Israel from legitimate scrutiny and accountability.

    10 مايو 2024

    إسرائيل في البحر الأحمر خلال حرب غزة: رؤى استراتيجية
    الصورة من قناة الجمهورية عبر Getty Images
  • التحليل
  • إسرائيل في البحر الأحمر خلال حرب غزة: رؤى استراتيجية

    في الأشهر الأخيرة، أصبحت أوضاع إسرائيل في البحر الأحمر أكثر صعوبة على الصعيد الأمني والاقتصادي والدبلوماسي. لكن البلاد في وضع أفضل لمواجهة هذه التحديات والتهديدات من خلال الاستفادة من الشراكات الإقليمية الاستراتيجية التي طورتها على مدى السنوات القليلة الماضية.

    10 مايو 2024

    US-Saudi accords must not remain hostage to normalization with Israel
    Photo by AMER HILABI/POOL/AFP via Getty Images
  • تعليق
  • US-Saudi accords must not remain hostage to normalization with Israel

    After Hamas’s unprecedented attack against Israel on Oct. 7, the siren song of Saudi-Israeli normalization risks wrecking the US-Saudi relationship against the rocks of stubborn geopolitical realities. An interim less-for-less approach in US-Saudi negotiations that doesn’t immediately require Senate approval nor is beholden to a much less certain Israeli-Palestinian peace process could set the stage for an even more consequential “mega deal” down the line.

    As Armenia gradually reorients toward the West, Azerbaijan faces its own geopolitical choice
    Photo by Nicola Landemard/Anadolu via Getty Images
  • التحليل
  • As Armenia gradually reorients toward the West, Azerbaijan faces its own geopolitical choice

    In early April, a highly publicized trilateral meeting involving the United States, the European Union, and Armenia was widely believed to mark a turning point in Yerevan’s relationship with the West. If it comes to pass, it will present Baku with its own critical decision: whether to abandon multi-vectorism and more fully align with Russia or the West.

    May 6, 2024

    The way out of the war in Gaza will shape Israel-Egypt relations for years
    Photo by Ahmad Salem/Bloomberg via Getty Images
  • التحليل
  • The way out of the war in Gaza will shape Israel-Egypt relations for years

    March 26, 2024, marked the 45th anniversary of the signing of the peace agreement between Israel and Egypt. Over the years, this bilateral settlement has proven its stability and resilience, despite a series of crucial challenges. Yet the Begin-Sadat legacy, and the benefits it brings, is now in jeopardy.

    May 3, 2024

    Evolving Middle Eastern imperatives on the Indo-Pakistan rivalry
    الصورة من قبل الديوان الملكي السعودي/وكالة الأناضول عبر Getty Images
  • التحليل
  • Evolving Middle Eastern imperatives on the Indo-Pakistan rivalry

    It was no surprise to see Pakistan’s new prime minister, Shehbaz Sharif, choose Saudi Arabia as the destination of his first official visit. What was more surprising, however, was the joint announcement that emerged from the trip, which called on Pakistan and India to resolve their outstanding disputes, especially the Jammu and Kashmir problem. There are several factors that have impelled Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates to take on the tricky task of mediating the protracted rivalry between the two key South Asian states.

    April 30, 2024

    آراء الخبراء: كيف يجب أن نتعامل مع القواعد الجديدة للعبة في الصراع بين إسرائيل وإيران؟
    الصورة من مورتزا نيكوبزل/نورفوتو عبر غيتي إيمدجز
  • التحليل
  • آراء الخبراء: كيف يجب أن نتعامل مع القواعد الجديدة للعبة في الصراع بين إسرائيل وإيران؟

    شهد شهر أبريل سلسلة من التصعيدات غير المسبوقة في الصراع الإيراني-الإسرائيلي الذي طال أمده، حيث شن كلا البلدين هجمات صاروخية وطائرات مسيرة على أراضي بعضهما البعض لأول مرة في التاريخ.

    في أعقاب هذه الضربات، ماذا سيكون تأثيرها على الأمن الإقليمي والبيئة السياسية في المستقبل، وما هو المطلوب لتثبيت قواعد اللعبة الجديدة، وكيف يمكن للدبلوماسية الأمريكية أن تساعد في تسهيل هذه العملية؟ طلب معهد الشرق الأوسط (MEI) من خبرائه إبداء آرائهم في هذا الشأن.

    The Biden Administration’s Middle East Policy at a Time of War: An Assessment of US Policy Six Months Into the Israel-Hamas War
    Photo by EVELYN HOCKSTEIN/POOL/AFP via Getty Images
  • التحليل
  • The Biden Administration’s Middle East Policy at a Time of War: An Assessment of US Policy Six Months Into the Israel-Hamas War

    The Biden administration set forth five main objectives in reaction to the Oct. 7 Hamas attack against Israel and ensuing war in the Gaza Strip. Six months into the Israel-Hamas war, the Biden administration has not achieved enough progress toward these goals, although it has avoided some of the worst-case scenarios. Success is hampered in part by tensions stemming from the fact that some of the tactics and policy approaches are at odds with each other.

    اقرأ مجلة الشرق الأوسط

    أقدم مطبوعة محكمة مخصصة لدراسة الشرق الأوسط المعاصر، تغطي مجلة MEI الرائدة السياسة والمجتمع والثقافة في المنطقة.