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أفغانستان وباكستان

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  • أفغانستان
  • باكستان
    • The Mecca Joint Défense Agreement: A New Geometry of Middle Eastern Power?
  • التحليل

    • The Mecca Joint Défense Agreement: A New Geometry of Middle Eastern Power?

    On August 7, 2026, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan signed the Mecca Joint Défense Agreement, a collective-defense pact widely compared to NATO’s Article 5. This essay argues that the comparison is misleading. Mecca borrows NATO’s language of solidarity without yet possessing NATO’s institutional machinery, and the Houthi offensive against Saudi Arabia in September 2026 provided an early and revealing test of what the agreement actually means in practice. Neither Pakistan nor Turkey automatically entered the fight on Saudi Arabia’s behalf, and Washington, despite an initial reluctance to strike directly, remained indispensable through intelligence support and a major proposed F-35 sale. Drawing on realist alliance theory — Hans Morgenthau, Kenneth Waltz, Stephen Walt, Glenn Snyder, and Steven David — and on the precedent of the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), the essay contends that the Middle East is not dividing into rival blocs but moving from hierarchy toward a looser, overlapping geometry of hedged partnerships, in which American exclusivity is eroding considerably faster than American primacy.

    The Mecca Alliance Meets the Red Sea – Saudi Arabia’s New Defense Pact Faces Its First Major Test
  • تعليق

    • The Mecca Alliance Meets the Red Sea – Saudi Arabia’s New Defense Pact Faces Its First Major Test

    When Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan agreed to a mutual defense pact in August, it was principally seen as a political commitment. The “Mecca alliance,” as it was dubbed, stipulated that an armed attack on one would be treated as an attack on all three, accompanied by deeper military cooperation.

    The Case for a Middle Course in Afghanistan
  • تعليق

    • The Case for a Middle Course in Afghanistan

    I was a teenage Afghan refugee in Pakistan’s tribal areas when the Twin Towers fell. Almost nobody around us understood the politics of what had happened, but we knew that something had changed for good. Afghanistan, which until then had been our private tragedy and our first exile from Taliban rule, had suddenly become the world’s concern, with the United States leading the response.

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    The road to Marrakech: US-China tensions loom over IMF/WB spring meetings
    Photographer: Samuel Corum/Bloomberg via Getty Images
  • تعليق

    • The road to Marrakech: US-China tensions loom over IMF/WB spring meetings

    Last week’s spring meetings of the IMF and World Bank in Washington, D.C., were an important occasion for financial and economic leaders from the MENA region to meet with their counterparts from these IFIs and major bilateral donor countries. At the same time, they serve as a lead up to the important Annual Meetings that will be held in Marrakech, Morocco, in the fall — the first time they will be hosted by an Arab or African country.

    20 أبريل 2023

    بول سالم

    Monday Briefing: Military power struggle explodes in Sudan
  • تعليق

    • Monday Briefing: Military power struggle explodes in Sudan

    اقرأ تقرير MEI الأسبوعي الذي يتضمن تحليلات الخبراء للتطورات الإقليمية الرئيسية للأسبوع المقبل.

    April 17, 2023

    David H. Shinn, Ibrahim Jalal…

    إحاطة يوم الاثنين: انطلاق محادثات السعودية والحوثيين في صنعاء في ظل سعي الرياض لإنهاء الحرب في اليمن
  • تعليق

    • إحاطة يوم الاثنين: انطلاق محادثات السعودية والحوثيين في صنعاء في ظل سعي الرياض لإنهاء الحرب في اليمن

    اقرأ تقرير MEI الأسبوعي الذي يتضمن تحليلات الخبراء للتطورات الإقليمية الرئيسية للأسبوع المقبل.

    10 أبريل 2023

    تشارلز شميتز، راندا سليم...

    Pakistan tilts back to the West in multipolar era
    Photo by EDUARDO MUNOZ/POOL/AFP via Getty Images
  • التحليل

    • Pakistan tilts back to the West in multipolar era

    The multipolar moment has arrived in Pakistan’s backyard. Like China and India, Pakistan too is attempting its own geopolitical rebalancing. It seeks to revive ties with the United States and other Western countries. This pivot to the West comes after an earlier one to the East that began more than a decade ago. But, like the previous pivot, Pakistan’s efforts to rekindle ties with the West are unlikely to succeed unless it embraces the imperatives of economic reform and political stability.

    April 6, 2023

    Arif Rafiq

    Unexpected beneficiary: The implications of the China-brokered Saudi-Iran deal for Pakistan
    Photo credit AAMIR QURESHI/AFP via Getty Images
  • التحليل

    • Unexpected beneficiary: The implications of the China-brokered Saudi-Iran deal for Pakistan

    The implications of the apparent rapprochement between Saudi Arabia and Iran are likely to have significant consequences for vital neighboring regions like South Asia and other populous Muslim countries, including, notably, Pakistan.

    March 29, 2023

    سيد محمد علي 

    Pakistan’s democratic dilemma at the edge of a political precipice
    Photo by FAROOQ NAEEM/AFP via Getty Images
  • التحليل

    • Pakistan’s democratic dilemma at the edge of a political precipice

    The ongoing conflict in Pakistan between Imran Khan’s Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s coalition government has escalated to new heights, widened the political chasm even more, and multiplied social fragmentation in the face of public hostility to state institutions. It has also increased the likelihood of anarchy and civil war.

    March 24, 2023

    نادي علي

    Expert Views: Opportunities to enhance water security in MENA
    Photo by Muhammed Said/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images
  • التحليل

    • Expert Views: Opportunities to enhance water security in MENA

    Water resources are a key component of global sustainability, especially in light of the mounting environmental challenges posed by climate change. We asked some of MEI’s Climate and Water Program scholars to share their perspective on strategies and opportunities that could most readily alleviate the region’s water security concerns.

    March 22, 2023

    Megan Ferrando, Orestes Morfín…

    تقرير يوم الاثنين: أربعة عوامل يجب مراقبتها لتقييم الانفتاح الدبلوماسي بين السعودية وإيران
  • تعليق

    • تقرير يوم الاثنين: أربعة عوامل يجب مراقبتها لتقييم الانفتاح الدبلوماسي بين السعودية وإيران

    اقرأ تقرير MEI الأسبوعي الذي يتضمن تحليلات الخبراء للتطورات الإقليمية الرئيسية للأسبوع المقبل.

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    اقرأ مجلة الشرق الأوسط

    أقدم مطبوعة محكمة مخصصة لدراسة الشرق الأوسط المعاصر، تغطي مجلة MEI الرائدة السياسة والمجتمع والثقافة في المنطقة.

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